KANADA WAA DAL MUHAAJIRIIN
W.Q. Maxamad Dalmar

Kanada waa dal muhaajiriini dageen oo dhiseen. Waxaa la yiraahdaa dhammaan dadka Kanada ku nool waxay hadda yihiin ama ka soo jeedaan asalahaan muhaajiriin markii laga reebo dadkii dalka logu yimid oo loo yaqaan “Hunuudda”. Waana midda ay Kanada kaga duwan tahay dalalka Yurub.

Qoraalkaani wuxuu si kooban wax uga taataabanayaa natiijadii ka soo baxday tirakoobkii la sameeyey sanadkii 2006 oo daboolayey sanooyinka 2001 ilaa 2006, lana xiriira muhaajiriinta, natiijadaas oo aan jeclahay inaan la qaybsado akhristayaasha.

Imisa muhaajiriin ayaa ku nool dalka Kanada?

Tirakoobkii 2006 wuxuu diiwaangeliyey in 6,186,950 qof oo muhajiriin ah ay Kanada ku nool yihiin. Muhaajir waxaa loola jeedaa qof ku dhashay dalka Kanada dibeddiisa. Qayb ahaan waxay muhaajiriintu ka yihiin dadweeynaha Kanada 19.85%. Kaasina waa heerkii ugu sareeyey tan iyo 1931. Adduunkoo idil, Australia keliya ayaa Kanada ka horreeysa markii la fiiriyo qaybta muhaajiriintu ka yihiin dadweeynaha oo ah 22.2%. Haddaan tusaale u soo qaadanno, qaybta muhaajirintu ka yihiin dadka Maraykanka wa 12.5%.

Intii u dhexeeysey 2001 ilaa 2006 tirada guud ee dadka Kanada waxaa ku darsamay 1.600,000 qof; 1.200,000 oo kuwaas ka mid ahi waxay ahaayeen muhaajiriin dibedda ka yimid,  halka 400,000 qofna ay ahaayeen dad ku dhashay dalka gudihiisa. Haddii si kale loo dhigo, tirada dadka muhaajiriinta ahi waxay korodhay 13.65% halka tirada dadka ku dhashay dalka gudihiisana ay korodhay 3.3% oo keliya. Halkaas waxaad ka arkaysaa in kororsiimada dadka Kanada ay ku tiirsan tahay muhaajiriinta. Waxaa la qiyaasaya in meeshii loo gaaro sanadka 2030 ay taranta dadka Kanada ka imaanayso muhaajiriin dibedda ka soo gala oo keliya. Taas waxaa ugu wacan, heerka dhalmada oo yaraaday iyo dad badan oo hawlgab galay ama geli doonaa sanaooyinkaan soo socdaa (baby boomers).

Xaggee ka yimaadeen?

Asia & Middle East.                                         58.3%

Europe                                                             16.1 %

Caribbean, Central & South America                10.8 %.

Africa                                                               10.6 %

Sida ka muuqata shaxda kore, 58.3% ee muhaajiriintu waxay ka yimaadeen Asia ooy ku jirto Bariga Dhexe, 16.1% waxay ka yimaadeen Yurub, 10.8% waxay ka yimaadeen Konfurta iyo Bartamaha Ameerika,10.6% waxay ka yimaadeen Africa.

Haddaan isbarbardhigno, 58% muhaajiriinta Maraykanku waxay ka yimaadaan dalka Meksiko iyo Koonfurta Ameerika, halka 58% muhaajiriinta Kanadana ay ka yimaadaan dalalka Asia.

Tobanka dal oo muhaajiriinta ugu badani ka yinmaadeen intii u dhexeeysey 2001 iyo 2006 waa kuwaan:

China                           155,105

India                             129,140

Philippines                    77,880

Pakistan                       57,630

U.S.A.                         38,770

South Korea     35,450

Romania                       28,080

Iran                              27,600

United Kingdom           25,655

Colombia                     25,310

Wixii ka horreeyey sanooyinkii 1960kii 90% muhaajiriinta Kanada waxay ka imaan jireen dalaka Yurub, waxayna u badnaayeen dad ka soo haajirey dalalka Ingiriiska, Talyaaniga, Jarmalka iyo Holland.

Sidee u yimaadeen?

Saddex hab ayaa Kanada lagu imaan karaa oo loogu soo haajiri karaa:

1. Qolo waa dad xirfad iyo tacliin sare leh ama maalgelin ku sameeyn kara dalka Kanada oo sidaas loogu doortay (economic class). Qaybtaani waa tan ugu badan, oo dawladda Kanada dhiirigeliso, waxayna ka dhigan yihiin 60% muhaajiriinta.
2. Qolo kale waa dad loo aqoon saday qaxooti ka dib markay ka soo carareen dagaal sokeeye iyo cadaadis (convention refugees). Qaxootigu waa qaybta ugu yar oo ka ah 14% muhaajiriinta.
3. Qolo kale waa dad qaraabadoodu kafaalaqaadeen (family class). 24% ayaa dalka ku soo gala habka kafaalaqaadka.

Afaf iyo dhaqamo badan

Tirakoobku wuxuu liisgareeyey in dadka muhaajiriinta ah oo yimid sanaooyinkii 2001 ilaa 2006 ay ku hadlaan 150 af-hooyo ee  kala duwan. 70.2% waxay shegeen inay leeyihiin af-hooyo oo ka duwan Ingiriiska iyo Faransiiska. Haseahaatee, 90% ee muhaajiriintu waxay sheegeen inay ku hadli karaan luqadda Inigiriiska ama faransiiska. Luqooyinka hooyo ee ugu badan oo muhaajiriinta Kanada ku hadlaan waa:  Chinese 18.6%, Italian 6.6%, Punjabi 5.9%, Spanish 5.8%, German 5.4%, Taglog (Philippine) 4.8%, Arabic 4.7%.

Muhaajiriintu waa cudud shaqaale

Muhaajiriintu waxay u badan yihiin dad ku jira da’da xoogsiga. 57.3% muhaajiriintu waxay u dhexeeyaan da’da 25 -54 sano.Tirada taas ku aadan ee dadka ku dhashay Canada waa 42.3%. Taas waxay ku tuseeysaa in dadak muhaajiriinta ahi ay yihiin dad xoog ah oo dalka ku biirinaya cudud shaqaale iyo waxtar dhaqaale.

Ontario hoyga muhaajiriinta

Gobolka Ontario ayaa ah gobolka ay muhaajirtiinta ugu badani doorteen; halkaasoo ay  degeen 52.35% ee muhaajiriinta, waxaa ku xigta Quebec 17.5% iyo British Colombia 16%.   70% ee muhaajiriinta waxay ku nool yihiin saddexda magaalo ee kala ah: Toronto, Montreal iyo Vancouver.

Magaalooyinka ay deggen yihiin tirooyinka ugu badan ee muhajirintu waa kuwaan hoose. Sida muuqata Toronto ayaa ah xarunta ay muhaajirinta ugu badani doorteen inay ku noolaad.

Toronto xitaa waxay ka horreeysaa magaalooyinka muhaajiriinta caanka ku ah ee dalka Maraykanka. Tusaale ahaan, Miami oo ah magaalada Maraykanka ugu muhaajiriin badan, 36.5% dadka halkaas ku nool ayaa ah muhaajiriin, halka 45.7% dadka ku nool Toronto ay yihiin muhaajiriint.

Toronto                        2,320,200*

Vancouver                       831,300

Montreal                         740,400

Calgary                           252,800

Ottawa                            202,700

Winnipeg                         121,300

Edmonton                          31,900

Halifax                   27,400

Qaadashada Jinsiyadda Kanada

 85.1% dadka muhaajiriinta ahi waxay qaateen jinsiyadda Kanada, taasoo muujinaysaa inay ku kalsoon yihiin dalka ay u soo haajireen ee Kanada.

Xigasho: Statistics Canada. Census 2006

* Toronto waxaa ku jira magaalooyinka ku heeraarsan.

W.Q. Maxamad Dalmar